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Natural inorganic gem materials · Rock / mineral aggregate · Natural identity; treatment status unknown
Shoushan Stone
Also known asLarderite
A fine-grained carving stone made mainly of dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and/or Pyrophyllite; its GB/T basic name as a natural jade is "Shoushan stone". This page compares how the major standards and institutions name it, what must be disclosed when selling it, whether it can be worn every day, how it is treated and identified, and which source each conclusion comes from.
Price, rarity and origin are outside the scope of this wiki.
What this page can answer
This page covers
- How Shoushan Stone forms and what gives its colourFormation setting, process and timescale, each finding graded and sourced
- How to identify Shoushan StoneHow far lab testing can go
- Treatments and enhancements of Shoushan Stone4 registered treatments: status, stability, how common they are and identification leads
- Caring for and wearing Shoushan StoneDurability indicators and wearing advice
- Hardness, density and refractive index of Shoushan StoneEach value with its source and check date
- Shoushan Stone in English, Chinese and Japanese; national standard namesNames in four languages, the GB/T standard name and the suggested listing name; and: Has any of GIA, FTC, CIBJO or Gem-A put a name for it on record here?
- Name origin and history of Shoushan StoneWhere the name comes from
- Listing and disclosing Shoushan StoneThe listing name to use; what must be disclosed before sale
What we cannot conclude
- Whether one particular bead is natural, treated or synthetic — only a laboratory report can settle that.
- Geographic origin, unless an origin report accompanies the item.
- Price, rarity or investment value: this wiki covers naming and disclosure only.
Material research: formation, causes and history
What authoritative sources say about how this material forms, what causes its colour and optical effects, where its name comes from and how people have used it. Each statement carries an evidence grade and its sources; it describes the material in general, not any specific piece.
How it forms
Shoushan stone is a fine-grained carving rock (an aggregate) whose main minerals differ from one variety to another, most often dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and/or pyrophyllite. Its status is that of a rock and a Chinese normative material name, not a single mineral species. These clay minerals fall in the kaolinite-serpentine group and mostly arise through hydrothermal alteration or weathering: they develop along hydrothermal veins where aluminosilicate minerals are altered, and they may also appear as an authigenic sedimentary mineral; pyrophyllite is relatively rare, occurring in schistose metamorphic rocks as bedded deposits and also within hydrothermal veins. Since the particular variety and locality must be identified separately, this record sets out only the formation mechanisms of the parent minerals as given in the available mineralogical sources, and does not treat any parent mineral's general facts as belonging exclusively to Shoushan stone.
Scope: Applies to explaining the main constituent minerals of Shoushan stone as a fine-grained carving rock and the formation mechanisms of those parent minerals; not applicable to determining a specific variety, locality, authenticity or value directly from the name.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022 · RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite +1
Where it forms
Hydrothermal alteration setting: the clay minerals form along hydrothermal veins by alteration of aluminosilicate minerals.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Supergene weathering and sedimentary setting: kaolinite replaces aluminosilicate minerals and can form as an authigenic sedimentary mineral.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Where pyrophyllite is found: within hydrothermal veins, and as bedded deposits hosted by schistose metamorphic rocks.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
How it forms, step by step
Aluminosilicate minerals (e.g. feldspars) are altered under hydrothermal or weathering conditions.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
The alteration system precipitates kaolinite-group clay minerals (dickite, kaolinite, nacrite, etc.).
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Together with quartz, pyrophyllite and others, these clay minerals make up the fine-grained carving rock (Shoushan stone).
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Link to appearance
It appears as a fine-grained, variably coloured carving rock, but neither appearance nor name can substitute for identification of the variety and its parent minerals.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite
Timescale
The cited sources give no absolute age or growth duration for Shoushan stone or its parent minerals.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022 · RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite +1
Related base materials
- Dickite: One of the principal constituent minerals (mineral species)
- Kaolinite: One of the principal constituent minerals (mineral species)
- Pyrophyllite: Constituent mineral of some varieties (mineral species)
Supporting findings
Dickite and kaolinite form along hydrothermal veins by alteration of aluminosilicate minerals, and also occur as an authigenic sedimentary mineral.
Evidence grade BScope: Describes formation mechanisms of the kaolinite-group parent minerals; not exclusive to the name Shoushan stone.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite
Pyrophyllite is relatively rare; it occurs in schistose metamorphic rocks as bedded deposits and also within hydrothermal veins.
Evidence grade BScope: Gives only the occurrence of pyrophyllite, as background for varieties that may contain it.
Sources RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Recorded localities
Authoritative sources name a single or principal locality.
Asia
- Shoushan, Huanxi and Rixi townships, Jin'an District, Fuzhou, Fujian, ChinaGeographical-indication protection area (DB35/T 419-2012)
Sources Journal of Gems & Gemmology (Tang et al., 2012)
- Xiaocang She Ethnic Township and Liaoyan Township, Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian, ChinaGeographical-indication protection area (DB35/T 419-2012)
Sources Journal of Gems & Gemmology (Tang et al., 2012)
These are localities recorded by authoritative sources, not an origin finding for any individual piece. The CIBJO Gemstone Book (2022, §4.2.3) says a place of origin names where a gem was mined or harvested, is a matter of opinion, does not imply a level of quality, and that cutting, processing or exporting centres must not be used to imply origin. See how far testing can go on this page, the origin determination guide and the overview of recorded localities.
Where the name comes from
The origin of the place/stone name "Shoushan stone" itself is not given in the cited sources. The etymologies below belong to its constituent minerals: dickite honours the Scottish metallurgical chemist Allan Brugh Dick (1833-1926); kaolinite traces to a mangled version of the Chinese place-name Kauling, meaning 'high ridge'; pyrophyllite comes from Greek words for 'fire' and 'leaf', because when heated it flakes apart into fan-like forms. These etymologies belong to the constituent minerals, not to the name "Shoushan stone" itself.
Evidence grade BScope: The etymology explains only the origin of the name; it does not establish the material's composition, locality, naturalness, or treatment.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite · RRUFF Pyrophyllite
Other research findings
Shoushan stone is a fine-grained carving rock (an aggregate) whose main minerals vary by variety (dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and/or pyrophyllite); it is not a single mineral species.
Evidence grade BScope: A naming/identity-boundary judgement; variety and locality require separate identification, and the mineral sources do not confirm any variety's assemblage.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022 · RRUFF Dickite
Dickite and kaolinite have the formula Al2Si2O5(OH)4; dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and halloysite are polymorphs of one another.
Evidence grade BScope: Composition and polymorphism of the parent minerals; does not assert the quantitative composition of any sample.
Sources RRUFF Dickite · RRUFF Kaolinite
Limits of this research
- Research status: No authoritative source specific to this material was found; findings come from the parent material or are marked as gaps
- Shoushan stone is a polymineral aggregate (rock), not a single mineral species; no quantitative assemblage of any variety is confirmed.
- The cited sources cover only the parent minerals; no authoritative source dedicated to Shoushan stone has been found.
- GB/T is a nomenclature standard whose full text is unavailable; no clause numbers are relied on.
- Not a judgement of authenticity, origin or value.
Methodology
- Origin determination and its limits
- Quality grading and value factors
- How gemmology became a technical discipline
Evidence grades
- A
- Standards bodies, government geological surveys, peer-reviewed research and museum records
- B
- Institutional educational material
- C
- Specialist databases or cautious readings
A statement is never graded above its strongest source.
This section is LumaLark's own factual restatement of public authoritative sources, credited item by item; it contains no verbatim excerpts, images or third-party logos.
DecideListing name, disclosure, care and treatments
- Suggested listing name
- Shoushan Stone
GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.2 “Shoushan Stone,Larderite”, 5.1.2.2 c)
Construction or treatment status
Natural identity; treatment status unknown
Treatments recorded for this material: Heated / Heat-treated, Filled / Fracture-filled, Dyed, Coated
Related:Disclosure and cautions
This page cannot answer
Natural? · Origin · Price
A lab report settles these; this wiki covers naming and disclosure.
Related:What this page can answer
Answer at a glance
Shoushan Stone's material identity has open questions that are not fully settled; this site lists it as "Shoushan Stone" pending further verification.
Evidence
- GB/T · Table A.2, row 寿山石 (Shoushan Stone)
What this means for you
Before buying, check the recommended listing name "Shoushan Stone" and any disclosed treatments on this page, and ask the seller for a grading report if in doubt.
Known uncertainty
- This entry's exact material identity is not fully settled.
- See “Disclosure and cautions” above
- Last reviewed
- 2026-09-01
Care and wear
No institutional care guidance is registered for this material yet; below are its durability indicators and general guidance.
Durability and wearing
Numbers in curly braces, such as {111}, are crystallographic face symbols (Miller indices): each marks a set of crystal faces or cleavage planes. They are reproduced as written in the cited source.
Daily wear
Hardness of only 2–2.5 makes it very soft and easily scratched or abraded, and with one perfect {001} cleavage it splits under pressure or a knock; it is best used for seals, carvings or display rather than high-wear daily wear.
Care
No cleaning method is given in the source; dust with a soft cloth or wipe with a barely damp soft cloth, avoid soaking, ultrasonic/steam cleaning and acidic cleaners, and keep away from hard objects to prevent scratching.
General guidance: LumaLark's general guidance inferred from the material's properties (hardness, toughness, cleavage); not text from the cited source, and not a guarantee for any specific piece.
Scope: This field describes the material's general properties and is not a finished-product durability promise; it gives no warranty of any specific piece's durability or safety, and the durability of treated (filled, dyed, coated) or composite/assembled material must be assessed separately.
Treatments and identification leads
One row per treatment, with three standards side by side: how often it occurs and how stable it is (CIBJO), its category in GB/T 16552—2017 Table B.1 (this site's paraphrase) and how the JJA/AGL 2025 table lists it. Each CIBJO value links to its entry under “Testing and market”, where the wording and source are given in full.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Treatment | Market frequency (CIBJO) | Stability (CIBJO) | GB/T 16552 category | JJA/AGL listing | Identification leads |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| coatingStatus: treated | — | — | Treatment | — | See identification leads |
| dyeingStatus: colour treated | — | — | Treatment | — | See identification leads |
| heatingStatus: treated | — | — | Optimization | — | See identification leads |
| fillingStatus: treated | — | — | Graded — see §5.4.1, Table 1 | — | See identification leads |
Where each treatment acts (schematics): Coated · Dyed · Heated / Heat-treated · Filled / Fracture-filled
“—” means the cited source gives no value for that item, not “none”. Source: GB/T 16553—2017; GB/T 16552—2017 Table B.1
Whether a treatment has to show in the name differs between the two rule sets (this site’s paraphrase):
- GB/T 16552—2017: a method classed as treatment has to be stated in the name itself — the method put before the name, or added in brackets after it; a method classed as optimization does not need to appear in the name, though one marked “Optimization (annotation required)” still has to be noted in the quality documents. Source: §5.4.2.1 a), b); §5.4.2.2 a)
- CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022: no longer splits treatments into ones that need specific disclosure and ones that need only general disclosure: every treatment is to be disclosed, and the seller tells the buyer which treatment was used and what special care it calls for. Source: §4.2.5 Note 2, §4.2.5.1, pp.14–15
What this table covers
What this page can give
- Registered treatments, their stability and how often they occur (see the table above)
- Identification leads for each treatment, for use when sending a stone for testing
VerifyNames, standards, technical facts, clauses and sources
Names
Besides Shoushan Stone, the name register records "Larderite" and "Shoushan stone", for which no restriction on use as a name is recorded.
Standard and listing namesThe Chinese formal name for Shoushan Stone comes from GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.2, and the suggested listing name is Shoushan Stone. Names in four languagesNames are given in four languages: Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, English (Shoushan Stone) and Japanese (the same characters with a katakana reading). Institution usageOn authority wording, the FTC and CIBJO texts on file have no wording for this name (checked), and GIA and Gem-A are unchecked; bodies without a recorded wording show the entry's own English name Shoushan Stone, which does not represent their position. Japanese namesFor Japan's GSJ, the entry's own Japanese name is shown, and Japan's GSJ wording for Shoushan stone is not yet verified by this site. Trade and mineralogical namesTrade names and synonyms include Larderite and Shoushan stone; Larderite is registered as a market name and Shoushan stone as a transliteration, both on the basis of a ruling by this site (no clause attached), with no restriction recorded on their use as names. The mineralogical name is a fine-grained carving stone composed mainly of dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and/or pyrophyllite.
Name register
Every name recorded for this entry, with how it is classified, whether it may be matched to this entry automatically, whether it may be used as a product name, and the clause it rests on.
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| Name | Type | Matching | Use as a name | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no restriction recorded (2) | ||||
| LarderiteEnglish | market name | matched automatically | no restriction recorded | editorial ruling (no clause cited) |
| Shoushan stoneEnglish | transliteration | matched automatically | no restriction recorded | editorial ruling (no clause cited) |
How each authority words this name: see Names › Authority wording.
- GSJ (Japan) formal name
- 寿山石（ショウシャン・ストーン） (not yet checked for this body — the entry's own Japanese name is shown)
- Chinese formal name
- 寿山石 (GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.2)
- Mineralogical name
- Fine-grained carving stone composed mainly of dickite, kaolinite, nacrite and/or pyrophyllite depending on variety
- Trade names and synonyms
- Larderite (market name)
Four-language names
- 简体中文
- 寿山石
- 繁體中文
- 壽山石
- English
- Shoushan Stone
- 日本語
- 寿山石（ショウシャン・ストーン）
See also: Misleading and prohibited trade names · Supplementary name index
Classification
- Origin
- Natural materials
- Material domain
- Natural inorganic gem materials
- Browsing family
- Rocks and polymineral aggregates
- Identity tier
- Rock / mineral aggregate
- Mineral chemical class
- Mixed / composition-dependent
- Construction or treatment status
- Natural identity; treatment status unknown
Treatments listed by standards
The “Shoushan stone” row of GB/T 16552—2017 Annex B, Table B.1 lists for Shoushan Stone: heating, which improves or changes colour, in the optimization category; filling, which improves or changes durability and appearance, with its category graded; dyeing, which improves or changes colour, in the treatment category; and coating, which improves or changes lustre, colour and other aspects of appearance, in the treatment category. The notes to Table B.1 and the definitions of the filling grades are on the Gem treatments page.
GB/T 16552-2017, Annex B, Table B.1
Table B.1, row “Shoushan Stone” (p.17):
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Method | Effect | Category |
|---|---|---|
| Heating | Improves or changes colour | Optimization |
| Filling | Improves or changes durability and appearance | Graded — see §5.4.1, Table 1 |
| Dyeing | Improves or changes colour | Treatment |
| Coating | Improves or changes lustre, colour and other aspects of appearance | Treatment |
What Table B.1 is, and how the “see 5.4.1” grades are defined: see the GB/T 16552: optimization vs treatment page.
What it is and how it's identified
The composition of Shoushan Stone depends on the types and proportions of the minerals present; structure crystalline aggregate, usually compact and massive; Mohs hardness 2–3, cleavage usually not visible in aggregates; density 2.5–2.9 g/cm³; optical character anisotropic aggregate; refractive index 1.56, where the site note explains that this is a reading commonly obtained with the spot method, a common value rather than an absolute limit; birefringence not measurable on an aggregate. For untreated Shoushan Stone, pleochroism is not measurable on an aggregate, luminescence is usually none, body colours include yellow, white, red and brown, and lustre is greasy or waxy. Site note: none of the authoritative sources consulted state the toughness or stability of Shoushan Stone, and hardness alone is not enough to judge durability, and the colour descriptions in the clauses for chicken-blood stone, Balin stone, tortoiseshell and other varieties in GB/T 16553—2017 also mention yellow or yellowish colours.
Registered material facts
Each row carries its own source and check date and can be cited on its own; “—” means the cited source gives no value, not “none”.
Definition
Shoushan Stone — composition (chemistry): set by which minerals are present and in what proportions
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Structure
Shoushan Stone — structure (overall): a crystalline aggregate, frequently compact and massive.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Durability
Shoushan Stone — Mohs hardness: 2–3
GB/T 16553—2017
Reference points on this site: Talc 1–3, Fluorite 4, Apatite 5–5.5, Orthoclase 6–6.5, Topaz 8, Diamond 10 (Source: GB/T 16553—2017); Gypsum 1.5–2, Calcite 3, Quartz 7 (Source: Handbook of Mineralogy); Corundum 9 (Source: GIA Gem Encyclopedia (care guide))
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
None of the authoritative sources we hold state a toughness or stability figure for shoushan stone.
- General note
- hardness only, not durability
Source & check 2026-09-20
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-20)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-20
Shoushan Stone — cleavage: generally not seen on an aggregate
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Physical properties
Shoushan Stone — density: 2.5–2.9 g/cm³
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Optical
Shoushan Stone — optic character: anisotropic aggregate
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — refractive index: 1.56
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
The clause we cite gives this as a value commonly read by the spot (distant-vision) method. It is a common value, not an absolute limit.
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — birefringence: not measurable on an aggregate
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — pleochroism: not measurable on an aggregate
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — fluorescence (overall): generally none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — spectrum (UV-visible): non-characteristic
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — spectrum (infrared): In the fingerprint part of the mid-IR, the vibrations of Si-O and similar groups in the clay minerals produce characteristic absorption bands; OH vibration does the same in the functional group region.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-22
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-22)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-22
Shoushan Stone — magnification: structure ranging from cryptocrystalline to finely granular, compact massive structure, sometimes visible "radish veins".
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone — body colour: yellow, white, red, brown and similar colours. Of these, the yellow, red, white and black field-pit stones from the paddy fields of Zhongban are called tianhuang.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
In chapter 5 of GB/T 16553—2017, the colour entries of Chicken-blood Stone, Balin Stone, Turtle Shell and other variety clauses also name yellow or a yellowish colour.
- General note
- colour alone is not identity
Source & check 2026-09-26
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-26)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-26
Quality factors
Shoushan Stone — quality factor (lustre): greasy or waxy
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
This material (RI / SG midpoints): 1.56 / 2.7; Closest values: 1Synthetic Beryl 1.57 / 2.69, 2Aventurine Quartz 1.548 / 2.67, 3Qingtian Stone 1.565 / 2.77, 4Iolite 1.563 / 2.61, 5Labradorite 1.54 / 2.65
Show the full chart (330 registered materials)
Outside the full chart's range, drawn as triangles at the edge (RI / SG midpoints): Hematite 3.045/5.12, Synthetic Rutile 2.76/4.26, Rutile 2.753/4.23, Synthetic Moissanite 2.67/3.22
Testing and market
How far testing can go
Shoushan Stone that has undergone coating can be identified by the following features: Under magnification the surface luster is abnormal and the film can be seen peeling off in places; refractive index readings may be abnormal; infrared and Raman spectra show characteristic peaks of the film.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- treated
- Does this standard apply
- can be followed as a reference only
- Treatment
- coating
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (coating) (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone that has undergone dyeing can be identified by the following features: Under magnification the colour is unevenly distributed and mostly concentrated in fissures, between grains or in surface hollows; the dye may respond to long- and short-wave UV with an unusual fluorescence; compositional analysis (XRF and similar) detects foreign elements of the dye such as Pb.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- colour treated
- Does this standard apply
- can be followed as a reference only
- Treatment
- dyeing
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (dyeing) (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone that has undergone heating can be identified by the following features: smoked, heated at a constant temperature or baked with chemical agents so that the surface is turned black or red. The colour is even and complete, and lies only in the shallow surface layer.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- treated
- Does this standard apply
- can be followed as a reference only
- Treatment
- heating
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (heating) (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Shoushan Stone that has undergone filling can be identified by the following features: Under magnification the surface luster of the filled part differs from the host jade and gas bubbles show in the filled area; under long- and short-wave UV the filled part mostly fluoresces differently from the host jade; infrared spectra show characteristic absorption bands of the filler; luminescence imaging (UV fluorescence viewer and similar) shows how the filler is distributed.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- treated
- Does this standard apply
- can be followed as a reference only
- Treatment
- filling
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.2.31 (filling) (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
Evidence and sources
Authority basis and clause sources
Sources
Further reading
Related entries and topic cluster
Parent entry and related pages on this site. Rows marked “Planned” are suggested new content and have no link yet.
Related-entry tree for Shoushan Stone on this site: 2 entries listed by this site's parent-entry links; synthetic, treated and similar entries carry their recorded state after the name; this page (Shoushan Stone) is marked.
- Shoushan Stone
Sub-entries (1)
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Page | Content | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Browsing family | Rocks and polymineral aggregates | Live |
| Treatments recorded for this material | Heated / Heat-treated, Filled / Fracture-filled, Dyed, Coated | Live |
| Related articles | To be added (placeholder) | Planned |
Who maintains this page
The material facts in the Shoushan Stone entry are maintained by the LumaLark wiki and matched one by one to the standard clauses or institutional sources they cite: every fact carries its source (with a clause or page locator) and a check date, so it can be traced back to the original. The entry exists so that buyers and sellers can check naming, disclosure and material facts item by item.