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UnderstandWhat it is, what people ask, how far this page goes
Natural inorganic gem materials · Mineral group / supergroup · Natural identity; treatment status unknown
Pyroxene
The group name for pyroxene minerals; members vary in composition and share no single chemical formula, while augite, diopside and others are the species within it. This page compares how the major standards and institutions name it, what must be disclosed when selling it, whether it can be worn every day, how it is treated and identified, and which source each conclusion comes from.
Price, rarity and origin are outside the scope of this wiki.
What this page can answer
This page covers
- How Pyroxene forms and what gives its colourFormation setting, process and timescale; where its colour and optical effects come from, each finding graded and sourced
- How to identify PyroxeneHow far lab testing can go
- Treatments and enhancements of Pyroxene1 registered treatments: status, stability, how common they are and identification leads
- Caring for and wearing PyroxeneDurability indicators and wearing advice
- Hardness, density and refractive index of PyroxeneEach value with its source and check date
- Pyroxene in English, Chinese and Japanese; national standard namesNames in four languages, the GB/T standard name and the suggested listing name; and: Has any of GIA, FTC, CIBJO or Gem-A put a name for it on record here?
- Name origin and history of PyroxeneWhere the name comes from
- Listing and disclosing PyroxeneThe listing name to use; what must be disclosed before sale
- Standard clauses that define PyroxeneWhich clause defines it, each cross-checked
What we cannot conclude
- Whether one particular bead is natural, treated or synthetic — only a laboratory report can settle that.
- Geographic origin, unless an origin report accompanies the item.
- Price, rarity or investment value: this wiki covers naming and disclosure only.
Material research: formation, causes and history
What authoritative sources say about how this material forms, what causes its colour and optical effects, where its name comes from and how people have used it. Each statement carries an evidence grade and its sources; it describes the material in general, not any specific piece.
How it forms
Pyroxene is the name of a mineral group—embracing the clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene series—rather than a single species; augite, of approximate composition (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6, is one representative. Certain rocks of high metamorphic grade and metamorphosed iron formations carry pyroxene-group minerals; within metamorphic settings, jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) develops under the relatively low-temperature, high-pressure conditions of subduction zones and forms a major component of jade. Augite's colour spans black to brown, greenish and violet-brown, appearing colorless to gray in thin section, and core-to-rim as well as oscillatory and sector zoning are common. This material rests on representative species (augite, jadeite) and does not treat one species' facts as those of the whole group.
Scope: Covers an overview of the formation of pyroxene (mineral group/family); formation and compositional content follow the sources for representative species of the group (augite, jadeite).
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy · G&G Summer 2023
Where it forms
High-grade metamorphic rocks and metamorphosed iron formations (e.g. augite); subduction-zone high-pressure low-temperature settings (e.g. jadeite).
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy · G&G Summer 2023
How it forms, step by step
Pyroxene-group minerals form during crystallization of mafic/ultramafic magmas or high-grade metamorphism.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Under subduction-zone high-pressure low-temperature conditions, jadeite may crystallize.
Solid-solution variation and zoning record the crystallization history.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Link to appearance
The colour of pyroxene-group minerals varies with species and composition; appearance alone cannot determine the species.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Timescale
The sources in this record give no absolute age or growth duration for pyroxene-group minerals.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy · G&G Summer 2023
Related base materials
- augite: One of the representative species of the pyroxene group; the group name must point back to a specific mineral species
Supporting findings
Augite and other pyroxene-group minerals are hosted by metamorphosed iron formations and by certain rocks of high metamorphic grade.
Evidence grade BScope: Describes occurrence; the source line has OCR residue, so only the fully legible portion is quoted.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Among the pyroxenes, jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) forms in the high-pressure, relatively low-temperature metamorphic environment of subduction zones and is an important constituent of jade.
Evidence grade AScope: Uses jadeite as an example of pyroxene metamorphic occurrence; not all pyroxenes form in subduction zones.
Recorded localities
Authoritative sources list the localities below; the list is not exhaustive.
Seas and coasts
- WorldwideRock-forming mineral group; Mindat records 24,962 localities; see member species for specific localities
Sources Mindat: Pyroxene Group
These are localities recorded by authoritative sources, not an origin finding for any individual piece. The CIBJO Gemstone Book (2022, §4.2.3) says a place of origin names where a gem was mined or harvested, is a matter of opinion, does not imply a level of quality, and that cutting, processing or exporting centres must not be used to imply origin. See how far testing can go on this page, the origin determination guide and the overview of recorded localities.
Causes of colour and optical effects
Augite's colour ranges from black, brown, greenish, to violet-brown, colorless to gray in thin section, commonly with clear cores zoned to dark rims and oscillatory/sector zoning.
Evidence grade BScope: Describes colour and zoning; does not attribute the colour to a single element.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Where the name comes from
The name augite comes from the Greek word for luster, apparently in allusion to the appearance of its cleavage surface. This etymology belongs to the parent mineral augite (a representative species of the pyroxene group), not to the group name “pyroxene”; the source gives no authoritative etymology for the group name itself.
Evidence grade BScope: The etymology belongs to the parent mineral and does not establish the composition, locality, naturalness, or treatment of the material denoted by the trade name.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Other research findings
Pyroxene is a mineral group name (pyroxene group), not a single species; augite is one representative species of the group.
Evidence grade BScope: Defines the group name and a representative species; does not equate the group with any one species.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
The chemical composition of augite can be expressed as (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6.
Evidence grade BScope: The composition of a representative species; pyroxene-group species vary in solid-solution range.
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Limits of this research
- Research status: Formation, occurrence or other material-specific findings found in authoritative sources
- Pyroxene is a mineral-group name, not a single species; content rests on representative species (augite, jadeite).
- The augite occurrence line in the source contains OCR residue; only the legible portion is quoted.
- Pyroxene is a group name with no single parent material; augite is given here as a representative species.
- No absolute age or growth duration is given.
Methodology
- Origin determination and its limits
- Quality grading and value factors
- How gemmology became a technical discipline
Evidence grades
- A
- Standards bodies, government geological surveys, peer-reviewed research and museum records
- B
- Institutional educational material
- C
- Specialist databases or cautious readings
A statement is never graded above its strongest source.
This section is LumaLark's own factual restatement of public authoritative sources, credited item by item; it contains no verbatim excerpts, images or third-party logos.
DecideListing name, disclosure, care and treatments
- Suggested listing name
- Pyroxene (state the specific mineral species)
GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.1 “Pyroxene” · CIBJO Gemmological Laboratories Book 2024 7.1.2
Construction or treatment status
Natural identity; treatment status unknown
Related:Disclosure and cautions
This page cannot answer
Natural? · Origin · Price
A lab report settles these; this wiki covers naming and disclosure.
Related:What this page can answer
Answer at a glance
"Pyroxene" is a market name rather than a mineral species name; before using it, verify: Industry-wide term that does not denote a single species.
Evidence
- GB/T · Table A.1, row 辉石 (Pyroxene)
What this means for you
Before buying, check the recommended listing name "Pyroxene (state the specific mineral species)" and any disclosed treatments on this page, and ask the seller for a grading report if in doubt.
Known uncertainty
- This entry's exact material identity is not fully settled.
- See “Disclosure and cautions” above
- Last reviewed
- 2026-09-01
Trade-name ruling
- Industry-wide term that does not denote a single species.
- Suggested listing name
- Pyroxene (state the specific mineral species)
Care and wear
No institutional care guidance is registered for this material yet; below are its durability indicators and general guidance.
Durability and wearing
Numbers in curly braces, such as {111}, are crystallographic face symbols (Miller indices): each marks a set of crystal faces or cleavage planes. They are reproduced as written in the cited source.
Toughness
Brittle
Fracture
Uneven to conchoidal
Sources Handbook of Mineralogy
Daily wear
Pyroxene ranks 5.5–6 on the Mohs scale, brittle with a good {110} cleavage (about 87°); daily wear should avoid impact and abrasion.
Care
As a brittle material with cleavage, clean gently with warm, mild soapy water and a soft cloth; avoid ultrasonic and steam cleaners, sudden temperature changes, and impact or rubbing against hard objects.
General guidance: LumaLark's general guidance inferred from the material's properties (hardness, toughness, cleavage); not text from the cited source, and not a guarantee for any specific piece.
Scope: This field describes the general properties of the material and does not constitute a durability or safety guarantee for any specific finished product; the durability of treated (filled/dyed/coated) or composite pieces must be assessed separately.
Treatments and identification leads
Registered treatmentsThe treatment registered for Pyroxene is irradiation. Values not givenIts status is irradiated or dyed; stability and market prevalence are both entered as “—”, meaning the cited source gives no value, not “none”. Identification cluesThe identification leads state that irradiation is commonly used on spodumene: colourless or near-colourless spodumene turns pink after irradiation, while violet spodumene turns dark green; the colour fades with slight heating or exposure to light, and it is difficult to detect. The registered identification leads are for use when submitting stones for testing and discussing which tests to request; the source is GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Treatment | Market frequency (CIBJO) | Stability (CIBJO) | GB/T 16552 category | JJA/AGL listing | Identification leads |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| irradiationStatus: irradiated or dyed | — | — | — | — | See identification leads |
Where each treatment acts (schematics): Irradiated
“—” means the cited source gives no value for that item, not “none”. Source: GB/T 16553—2017
Whether a treatment has to show in the name differs between the two rule sets (this site’s paraphrase):
- GB/T 16552—2017: a method classed as treatment has to be stated in the name itself — the method put before the name, or added in brackets after it; a method classed as optimization does not need to appear in the name, though one marked “Optimization (annotation required)” still has to be noted in the quality documents. Source: §5.4.2.1 a), b); §5.4.2.2 a)
- CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022: no longer splits treatments into ones that need specific disclosure and ones that need only general disclosure: every treatment is to be disclosed, and the seller tells the buyer which treatment was used and what special care it calls for. Source: §4.2.5 Note 2, §4.2.5.1, pp.14–15
What this table covers
What this page can give
- Registered treatments, their stability and how often they occur (see the table above)
- Identification leads for each treatment, for use when sending a stone for testing
VerifyNames, standards, technical facts, clauses and sources
Names
Standard and listing namesThe Chinese formal name for Pyroxene comes from GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.1; the mineralogical name is Pyroxene-group minerals. The suggested listing name is Pyroxene (stating the specific mineral species); Pyroxene is a general industry term, not a mineralogical species name, and does not point to a single species. Names in four languagesThe four-language names are given in Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, English (Pyroxene) and Japanese (a kanji name and a transliteration); the entry's own Japanese names are the same, and the Japanese GSJ wording for this name is not yet verified by this site. Institution usageAmong authority wordings, of GIA, FTC, CIBJO and Gem-A, the FTC source text has no wording for this name, which has been checked; the wordings of GIA, CIBJO and Gem-A have not yet been checked. For bodies without a recorded wording, the English name comes from the entry itself and does not represent their position.
- GSJ (Japan) formal name
- 輝石／パイロキシン (not yet checked for this body — the entry's own Japanese name is shown)
- Chinese formal name
- 辉石 (GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.1)
- Mineralogical name
- Pyroxene-group minerals
Four-language names
- 简体中文
- 辉石
- 繁體中文
- 輝石
- English
- Pyroxene
- 日本語
- 輝石／パイロキシン
See also: Misleading and prohibited trade names · Supplementary name index
Classification
- Origin
- Natural materials
- Material domain
- Natural inorganic gem materials
- Browsing family
- Other silicate minerals
- Identity tier
- Mineral group / supergroup
- Mineral chemical class
- Silicates
- Construction or treatment status
- Natural identity; treatment status unknown
What it is and how it's identified
Material facts for Pyroxene are registered from GB/T 16553—2017. The general formula of Pyroxene is XYZ2O6, where X may be Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na or Li, Y may be Mg, Fe, Mn, Al, Cr, Ti or V, and Z is Si or Al. Pyroxene is crystalline: diopside, augite and spodumene are monoclinic, while enstatite is orthorhombic; the habit is usually prismatic, with tabular crystals seen in augite. Mohs hardness is 5–6, with two perfect cleavages, usually not visible in aggregates; density 3.1–3.52 g/cm³, refractive index 1.66–1.772, birefringence 0.008–0.033. Site note: the clause also gives finer sub-ranges, the overall values are used for hardness, density, refractive index and birefringence, and hardness alone is not enough to judge durability. Optic character is anisotropic, biaxial, optically positive. Untreated Pyroxene is trichroic, ranging from weak to strong, with a vitreous lustre. Chatoyancy is visible, and asterism is visible as four-rayed stars.
Registered material facts
Each row carries its own source and check date and can be cited on its own; “—” means the cited source gives no value, not “none”.
Definition
Pyroxene — composition (chemistry): general formula XYZ2O6, where X stands for Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na or Li, Y for Mg, Fe, Mn, Al, Cr, Ti or V, and Z for Si or Al. By species: diopside is CaMgSi2O6 and may carry elements such as Cr, Fe, V and Mn; enstatite is (Mg,Fe)2Si2O6 and may carry elements such as Ca and Al; augite is (Ca,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)2O6; spodumene is LiAlSi2O6 and may carry elements such as Fe, Mn, Ti, Ga, Cr, V, Co, Ni, Cu and Sn.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-22
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-22)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-22
Structure
Pyroxene — structure (overall): crystalline
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — structure (crystal system): monoclinic for diopside, augite and spodumene; orthorhombic for enstatite.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — structure (crystal habit): usually prismatic, sometimes forming flaky, radiating or fibrous aggregates; augite can form platy crystals.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Durability
Pyroxene — Mohs hardness: 5–6
GB/T 16553—2017
Reference points on this site: Talc 1–3, Fluorite 4, Apatite 5–5.5, Orthoclase 6–6.5, Topaz 8, Diamond 10 (Source: GB/T 16553—2017); Gypsum 1.5–2, Calcite 3, Quartz 7 (Source: Handbook of Mineralogy); Corundum 9 (Source: GIA Gem Encyclopedia (care guide))
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- the clause has finer ranges; hardness only, not durability
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — cleavage: cleaves perfectly in two directions; aggregates normally show no cleavage.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Physical properties
Pyroxene — density: 3.1–3.52 g/cm³
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- the clause has finer ranges
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Optical
Pyroxene — optic character: biaxial, optically positive (anisotropic)
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — refractive index: 1.66–1.772
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- the clause has finer ranges
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — birefringence: 0.008–0.033
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- the clause has finer ranges
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — pleochroism: trichroism, weak to strong. Diopside shows light to dark green; enstatite shows brownish yellow and yellow, or green and yellow-green; augite shows light green, light brown and green-yellow. Pink-red to blue-purple-red spodumene is moderate to strong, showing pink-red and light purple-red; colorless and green spodumene is moderate, showing blue-green and yellow-green.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-22
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-22)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-22
Pyroxene — fluorescence (overall): generally none; green diopside: long wave green; short wave none; spodumene (pink-red to blue-violet-red): long wave moderate to strong, pink-red to orange; short wave weak to moderate, pink-red to orange; spodumene (yellow-green): long wave weak, orange-yellow; short wave very weak, orange-yellow; spodumene (green): none.
GB/T 16553—2017
UV fluorescencegreengreen diopsidepink-redorangemoderate–strong, spodumene (pink-red to blue-violet-red)pink-redorangeweak–moderate, spodumene (pink-red to blue-violet-red)orange-yellowweak, spodumene (yellow-green)orange-yellowvery weak, spodumene (yellow-green)Dots are illustrative colours built from the colour names, not measured values
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — spectrum (UV-visible): diopside: 505 nm absorption peak; chrome diopside: 635 nm absorption peak; 655 nm absorption peak; 670 nm absorption peak; 690 nm double absorption peak; enstatite: 505 nm absorption peak; 550 nm absorption peak; augite: non-characteristic; spodumene: non-characteristic; spodumene (yellow-green): 433 nm absorption peak; 438 nm absorption peak; spodumene (green): 646 nm absorption peak; 669 nm absorption peak; 686 nm absorption peak; approximately 620 nm broad absorption band.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — spectrum (infrared): The mid-IR spectrum carries pyroxene's own diagnostic bands
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — optical effect (chatoyancy): seen
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — optical effect (asterism): seen; a four-pointed star
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — magnification: gas-liquid inclusions, fibrous inclusion, mineral inclusions, cleavage.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Pyroxene — body colour: diopside: blue-green to yellow-green, brown, black, purple, white to colourless. Enstatite: reddish brown, brownish green, yellow-green; rarely colourless. Augite: greyish brown, brown, purplish brown, greenish black. Spodumene: pink to bluish purplish red, green, yellow, blue, colourless; usually light in tone.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
In chapter 5 of GB/T 16553—2017, the colour entries of Diamond, Rock Crystal, Garnet and other variety clauses also name green or a greenish colour.
- General note
- colour alone is not identity
Source & check 2026-09-26
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-26)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-26
- CIBJO definitions
- chatoyancy, asterism
Quality factors
Pyroxene — quality factor (lustre): vitreous
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
This material (RI / SG midpoints): 1.716 / 3.31; Closest values: 1Vesuvianite / Idocrase 1.711 / 3.38, 2Hydrogrossular 1.7 / 3.35, 3Tanzanite 1.696 / 3.28, 4Epidote 1.737 / 3.38, 5Axinite 1.683 / 3.31
Show the full chart (330 registered materials)
Outside the full chart's range, drawn as triangles at the edge (RI / SG midpoints): Hematite 3.045/5.12, Synthetic Rutile 2.76/4.26, Rutile 2.753/4.23, Synthetic Moissanite 2.67/3.22
Testing and market
The identification leads for irradiated Pyroxene are that irradiation is commonly applied to spodumene: colourless or near-colourless spodumene can turn pink on irradiation, and purple spodumene can turn dark green; spodumene fades on slight heating or exposure to light, and this is difficult to detect. The registered treatment status is irradiated or dyed. The identification leads are cited from GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing, which can only be used as a reference for Pyroxene and does not govern it directly.
How far testing can go
Pyroxene that has undergone irradiation can be identified by the following features: commonly used on spodumene: irradiation can turn colourless or near-colourless spodumene pink, and purple spodumene dark green; slight heating or exposure to light makes the colour fade, and the treatment is not easy to detect.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- irradiated or dyed
- Does this standard apply
- can be followed as a reference only
- Treatment
- irradiation
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.1.25 (irradiation) (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
Clause-level definitions
In the clause-level definitions, the term for Pyroxene is Pyroxene, the clause basis is GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A, and the definition reads Pyroxene-group minerals; the cross-check result is that it is listed directly by GB/T, and CIBJO carries no standalone entry under the same name.
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| Term | Clause | Definition | Cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pyroxene | GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A | Pyroxene-group minerals | Listed directly by GB/T; CIBJO carries no standalone entry under the same name. |
Evidence and sources
Authority basis and clause sources
Sources
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. Gemmological Laboratories Book (Blue Book), Gemmological Commission 2024-1.
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. The Gemstone Book (Blue Book), 2022.
- SAMR / SAC (China). GB/T 16552—2017 Gems — Nomenclature.
- RRUFF Project, in partnership with the IMA – International Mineralogical Association. IMA Mineral List.
- Geological Survey of Japan, AIST (Japan). Museum mineral specimens, browse by classification.
Further reading
Related entries and topic cluster
Parent entry and related pages on this site. Rows marked “Planned” are suggested new content and have no link yet.
Related-entry tree for Pyroxene on this site: 2 entries listed by this site's parent-entry links; synthetic, treated and similar entries carry their recorded state after the name; this page (Pyroxene) is marked.
- Pyroxene
Sub-entries (1)
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| Page | Content | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Browsing family | Other silicate minerals | Live |
| Related articles | To be added (placeholder) | Planned |
Who maintains this page
The material facts in the Pyroxene entry are maintained by the LumaLark wiki and matched one by one to the standard clauses or institutional sources they cite: every fact carries its source (with a clause or page locator) and a check date, so it can be traced back to the original; clause-level definitions also carry a cross-check result. The entry exists so that buyers and sellers can check naming, disclosure and material facts item by item.