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Artificial products / Manufactured products · Artificial product type · Artificial material with no natural counterpart
Artificial Strontium Titanate
Also known asFabulite
A man-made strontium titanate crystal with no natural counterpart; GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A Table A.5 lists it as "man-made strontium titanate", and it must not be called diamond. This page compares how the major standards and institutions name it, what must be disclosed when selling it, whether it can be worn every day, how it is treated and identified, and which source each conclusion comes from.
Price, rarity and origin are outside the scope of this wiki.
What this page can answer
This page covers
- How Artificial Strontium Titanate forms and what gives its colourFormation setting, process and timescale; where its colour and optical effects come from, each finding graded and sourced
- Caring for and wearing Artificial Strontium TitanateCleaning, heat, chemicals and light, as the cited sources give them
- Hardness, density and refractive index of Artificial Strontium TitanateEach value with its source and check date
- Artificial Strontium Titanate in English, Chinese and Japanese; national standard namesNames in four languages, the GB/T standard name and the suggested listing name; and: Which of GIA, FTC, CIBJO and Gem-A have a name for it on record, and do those agree?
- Name origin and history of Artificial Strontium TitanateHow people have used it
- Listing and disclosing Artificial Strontium TitanateThe listing name to use; what must be disclosed before sale
- Standard clauses that define Artificial Strontium TitanateWhich clause defines it, each cross-checked
What we cannot conclude
- Whether one particular bead is natural, treated or synthetic — only a laboratory report can settle that.
- Geographic origin, unless an origin report accompanies the item.
- Price, rarity or investment value: this wiki covers naming and disclosure only.
Material research: formation, causes and history
What authoritative sources say about how this material forms, what causes its colour and optical effects, where its name comes from and how people have used it. Each statement carries an evidence grade and its sources; it describes the material in general, not any specific piece.
How it forms
Synthetic strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is a man-made, colourless substance that gained popularity as a diamond simulant during the 1950s. It is generally manufactured by flame fusion, and particular chemicals added while the crystal grows can yield colours like dark red and brown. Its dispersion — the optical effect responsible for fire in a faceted stone — exceeds that of diamond by more than four times, so its fire is exceptionally pronounced. It has no known natural gem equivalent and is not a naturally formed gemstone, but rather a man-made imitation material.
Scope: Applies to explaining man-made strontium titanate as an artificial imitation material with no natural counterpart, its manufacture by the fusion method and its optical properties; does not apply to descriptions of natural genesis.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems · G&G Spring 1981 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Where it forms
Manufacturing environment: high-temperature melt growth by the flame-fusion method in a laboratory/factory; no natural occurrence environment applies to this record.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems · G&G Spring 1981 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Not applicable to a natural occurrence environment: synthetic strontium titanate has no known natural gem counterpart and no gem-quality natural occurrence exists.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems · G&G Spring 1981 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
How it forms, step by step
Prepare titanium- and strontium-oxide feedstock.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Melt the feedstock and grow strontium titanate crystals at high temperature by the flame-fusion method.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
(Optional) dope by adding certain chemicals during growth to produce colors such as dark red and brown.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Cut and polish into finished imitation gems.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Link to appearance
Synthetic strontium titanate's fire comes from its very high dispersion (over four times that of diamond), which produces intense fire in a faceted gemstone.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Timescale
The source states strontium titanate became a popular diamond simulant in the 1950s (the material's era of popularity, not a geological timescale).
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Supporting findings
The usual route to synthetic strontium titanate is the flame-fusion technique; introducing particular chemicals as the crystal grows allows colours such as dark red and brown to be obtained.
Evidence grade AScope: Applies to the flame-fusion synthesis and doping of strontium titanate; not to natural origin.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Causes of colour and optical effects
Synthetic strontium titanate's dispersion (the optical property that creates fire in a faceted gemstone) is over four times greater than that of diamond.
Evidence grade AScope: Applies to strontium titanate's high-dispersion optical property; not to specimen grading.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Human use and museum objects
Synthetic strontium titanate is a colorless man-made material that became a popular diamond simulant in the 1950s.
Evidence grade AScope: Applies to its man-made identity and market history; does not imply it is diamond or a natural gem.
Sources GIA Introduction to Imitation Gems
Other research findings
In the gemological literature on diamond-simulant detection, colorless strontium titanate is grouped with synthetic cubic zirconia, gadolinium gallium garnet, and yttrium aluminium garnet as the most problematic diamond simulants, its optical and physical properties contrasted with diamond.
Evidence grade AScope: Applies to strontium titanate's identity as a simulant; not to authenticating any specimen.
Sources G&G Spring 1981
Under CIBJO, artificial stones are artificial products that have no natural counterparts; colorless synthetic strontium titanate belongs to this class of man-made imitation materials.
Evidence grade AScope: Applies to strontium titanate's positioning as an artificial stone with no natural counterpart; not to a specimen's treatment or origin.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Limits of this research
- Research status: Formation, occurrence or other material-specific findings found in authoritative sources
- The cited sources do not give strontium titanate's per-specimen chemical formulation, exact dispersion values, or specific growth parameters.
- The sources do not quantify strontium titanate's durability or care requirements.
Methodology
- Origin determination and its limits
- Quality grading and value factors
- How gemmology became a technical discipline
Evidence grades
- A
- Standards bodies, government geological surveys, peer-reviewed research and museum records
- B
- Institutional educational material
- C
- Specialist databases or cautious readings
A statement is never graded above its strongest source.
This section is LumaLark's own factual restatement of public authoritative sources, credited item by item; it contains no verbatim excerpts, images or third-party logos.
DecideListing name, disclosure, care and treatments
- Suggested listing name
- Man-made Strontium Titanate
GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.5 “Strontium Titanate” · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022 4.3.4.1
Construction or treatment status
Artificial material with no natural counterpart
Related:Disclosure and cautions
This page cannot answer
Natural? · Origin · Price
A lab report settles these; this wiki covers naming and disclosure.
Related:What this page can answer
Answer at a glance
"Artificial Strontium Titanate" is a market name rather than a mineral species name; before using it, verify: Not a mineral: man-made or non-mineral material.
Evidence
- GB/T · Table A.5, row 人造钛酸锶 (Strontium Titanate)
What this means for you
Before buying, check the recommended listing name "Man-made Strontium Titanate" and any disclosed treatments on this page, and ask the seller for a grading report if in doubt.
Known uncertainty
- This entry's exact material identity is not fully settled.
- See “Disclosure and cautions” above
- Last reviewed
- 2026-09-01
Trade-name ruling
- Not a mineral: man-made or non-mineral material.
- Suggested listing name
- Man-made Strontium Titanate
Care and wear
Care
Artificial Strontium Titanate — care (wear): Farn (Journal of Gemmology, 1965) describes strontium titanate as very soft, its facet edges looking slightly moulded when examined under a loupe; in Farn's checklist, strontium titanate shows softened facet edges and girdle plus scratches with a centipede-like outline; according to Farn, a soft appearance and rounded facet edges give strontium titanate away, i.e. its edges wear down.
The Journal of Gemmology (Farn, 1965)
- Treatment state
- any treatment state
Source & check 2026-10-06
- Source
- A.E. Farn, “If there’s a doubt have it tested”, The Journal of Gemmology 9(10): 344–351 (1965): pp. 350, 351, body text (locator checked 2026-10-06)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-10-06
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
Common care questions and matching entries
Each question links to the matching entries on this page; whether they answer it fully, go by the entry wording.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
VerifyNames, standards, technical facts, clauses and sources
Names
Besides Artificial Strontium Titanate, the name register records "Fabulite", for which no restriction on use as a name is recorded.
Standard and listing namesThe Chinese formal name for Artificial Strontium Titanate is man-made strontium titanate, from GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.5, and the suggested listing name is Man-made Strontium Titanate. Trade and mineralogical namesThe mineralogical name is manufactured strontium titanate crystal, and the trade name or synonym Fabulite is a brand or old trade name. Names in four languagesFour-language names are given in Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, English (Artificial Strontium Titanate) and Japanese. Institution usageOn authority wording, CIBJO records the form Artificial product: Strontium Titanate, marking it as an artificial product before the English name; the FTC text on file has no wording for this name (checked); the wording of GIA and Gem-A is not yet verified by this site; the wording of Japan's GSJ is not yet verified by this site, and the entry has its own Japanese name. Bodies without a recorded or verified wording show the entry's own name, which does not represent their position.
Name register
Every name recorded for this entry, with how it is classified, whether it may be matched to this entry automatically, whether it may be used as a product name, and the clause it rests on.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Name | Type | Matching | Use as a name | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no restriction recorded (1) | ||||
| FabuliteEnglish | historical name | matched automatically | no restriction recorded | editorial ruling (no clause cited); Note: Brand / former trade name. |
How each authority words this name: see Names › Authority wording.
- GSJ (Japan) formal name
- チタン酸ストロンチウム (not yet checked for this body — the entry's own Japanese name is shown)
- Chinese formal name
- 人造钛酸锶 (GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.5)
- Mineralogical name
- Manufactured strontium titanate crystal
- Trade names and synonyms
- Fabulite (historical name)
Four-language names
- 简体中文
- 人造钛酸锶
- 繁體中文
- 人造鈦酸鍶
- English
- Artificial Strontium Titanate
- 日本語
- チタン酸ストロンチウム
See also: Misleading and prohibited trade names · Supplementary name index
Classification
- Origin
- Artificial products / Manufactured products
- Material domain
- Artificial products / Manufactured products
- Browsing family
- Artificial gem products with no natural counterpart
- Identity tier
- Artificial product type
- Mineral chemical class
- Mixed / composition-dependent
- Construction or treatment status
- Artificial material with no natural counterpart
What it is and how it's identified
The composition of Artificial Strontium Titanate is SrTiO3, and the overall structure is crystalline, cubic, with a massive crystal habit. Mohs hardness 5–6, cleavage none. Density 5.11–5.15 g/cm³, with the limits derived from the cited clause value of 5.13 and its stated tolerance (±0.02). Optically, Strontium Titanate is isotropic, with refractive index 2.409, birefringence none and dispersion 0.19. Untreated, pleochroism is none, luminescence usually none, and the quality factor (lustre) vitreous to subadamantine. Spectroscopically, the UV-visible spectrum is not diagnostic, and the infrared spectrum shows the characteristic infrared absorption bands of man-made strontium titanate in the mid-infrared region.
Registered material facts
Each row carries its own source and check date and can be cited on its own; “—” means the cited source gives no value, not “none”.
Definition
Artificial Strontium Titanate — composition (chemistry): SrTiO3
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Structure
Artificial Strontium Titanate — structure (overall): crystalline
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — structure (crystal system): cubic
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — structure (crystal habit): blocky
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Durability
Artificial Strontium Titanate — Mohs hardness: 5–6
GB/T 16553—2017
Reference points on this site: Talc 1–3, Fluorite 4, Apatite 5–5.5, Orthoclase 6–6.5, Topaz 8, Diamond 10 (Source: GB/T 16553—2017); Gypsum 1.5–2, Calcite 3, Quartz 7 (Source: Handbook of Mineralogy); Corundum 9 (Source: GIA Gem Encyclopedia (care guide))
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- hardness only, not durability
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — cleavage: none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Physical properties
Artificial Strontium Titanate — density: 5.11–5.15 g/cm³
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
The clause we cite gives 5.13, with a stated tolerance of ±0.02. The range shown here is worked out from that.
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Optical
Artificial Strontium Titanate — optic character: isotropic material
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — refractive index: 2.409
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — birefringence: none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — dispersion: 0.19
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — pleochroism: none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — fluorescence (overall): generally none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — spectrum (UV-visible): non-characteristic
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — spectrum (infrared): The mid-IR shows the diagnostic bands of man-made strontium titanate
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — magnification: edges and corners that wear easily, a poor polish, owing to very low hardness, occasional bubbles.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Artificial Strontium Titanate — body colour: colorless, green, etc.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
In chapter 5 of GB/T 16553—2017, the colour entries of Brazilianite, Euclase, Albite Jade and other variety clauses also name colourless.
- General note
- colour alone is not identity
Source & check 2026-09-26
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-26)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-26
Quality factors
Artificial Strontium Titanate — quality factor (lustre): vitreous to subadamantine
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.17 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
This material (RI / SG midpoints): 2.409 / 5.13; Closest values: 1Sphalerite 2.369 / 4, 2Synthetic Cubic Zirconia 2.165 / 5.8, 3Diamond 2.417 / 3.52, 4Rutile 2.753 / 4.23, 5Synthetic Rutile 2.76 / 4.26
Show the full chart (330 registered materials)
Outside the full chart's range, drawn as triangles at the edge (RI / SG midpoints): Hematite 3.045/5.12, Synthetic Rutile 2.76/4.26, Rutile 2.753/4.23, Synthetic Moissanite 2.67/3.22
Clause-level definitions
The clause-level definition of Artificial Strontium Titanate is registered under the term Strontium Titanate, based on GB/T 16552—2017 Annex A, defined as man-made strontium titanate crystal. The cross-check result is that it is listed directly in GB/T, and no identically titled standalone entry was found in CIBJO.
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| Term | Clause | Definition | Cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strontium Titanate | GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A | Manufactured strontium titanate crystal | Listed directly by GB/T; CIBJO carries no standalone entry under the same name. |
Evidence and sources
Authority basis and clause sources
Sources
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. Gemmological Laboratories Book (Blue Book), Gemmological Commission 2024-1.
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. The Gemstone Book (Blue Book), 2022.
- SAMR / SAC (China). GB/T 16552—2017 Gems — Nomenclature.
- Federal Trade Commission (United States). In the Loupe: Advertising Diamond, Gemstones and Pearls.
Further reading
Related entries and topic cluster
Parent entry and related pages on this site. Rows marked “Planned” are suggested new content and have no link yet.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Page | Content | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Browsing family | Artificial gem products with no natural counterpart | Live |
| Related articles | To be added (placeholder) | Planned |
Who maintains this page
The material facts in the Artificial Strontium Titanate entry are maintained by the LumaLark wiki and matched one by one to the standard clauses or institutional sources they cite: every fact carries its source (with a clause or page locator) and a check date, so it can be traced back to the original; clause-level definitions also carry a cross-check result. The entry exists so that buyers and sellers can check naming, disclosure and material facts item by item.