Other animal-derived materials
Animal-derived materials other than pearl, shell and coral, such as bone and horn; species and trade rules must be verified.
What this family is
Species, age and source decide whether goods may move at all.
Elephas maximus is CITES Appendix I; Loxodonta spp. are also in Appendix I, with only the Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe populations in Appendix II under annotation A11, which permits only non-commercial items such as hunting trophies and Zimbabwean ivory carvings.
CHELONIIDAE spp. are in Appendix I without annotation, and mammoth ivory must not be passed off as modern elephant ivory.
Scope of this family
Animal-derived materials other than pearl, shell and coral, such as bone and horn; species and trade rules must be verified.
Member entries (8)
Market names not to be used as a product name
Recorded on member entries of this family. Each name links to the entry whose page explains the ruling and its source.
All misleading and prohibited trade names across the site: Misleading and prohibited trade names
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| Market name | Recorded on | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Tortoise shell | Hawksbill Turtle Shell | Not to be used in any position |
Treatments recorded on member entries
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| Treatment | Member entries | Disclosure requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Filled / Fracture-filled | Ivory, Mammoth Ivory | Name the filler (resin, oil, polymer, glass or lead glass) and bear in mind that fillings can be unstable and may deteriorate or change colour over time. LMHC Information Sheet #3 treats corundum with glass in two ways: glass in fissures or cavities is still reported on natural corundum as a filling, and only a badly fractured single piece infused throughout, or small fragments bound together with glass, is reported as a manufactured product. |
| Dyed | Ivory, Mammoth Ivory | Must be disclosed. Dye may fade, bleed or dissolve in solvents (alcohol, acetone), and dyed material must not be labelled "natural colour"; dyed jadeite counts as B/C jade and must be conspicuously labelled; dyed agate and chalcedony are extremely common. |
| Bleached | Ivory, Mammoth Ivory | Bleaching may affect the durability of the material. Codes differ on whether routine pearl bleaching needs its own declaration (compare the rows on this page); chemical bleaching that changes the structure, or bleaching followed by impregnation, must be disclosed. |
| Coated | Mammoth Ivory | Must be disclosed. Coatings may be abraded, flake off or discolour, and coating is not a permanent enhancement; the coating material must be disclosed (e.g. Mystic Topaz is coated topaz), and the treated effect must not be implied to be natural. |
| Impregnated | Bone, Horn, Ivory | Must be disclosed. Where the impregnation also brings colour, as in jadeite that has been acid-treated and then impregnated with polymer and colour, or Zachery-treated turquoise, the colouring is part of what has to be declared. |
Care codes on member entries
Member entries cite these CIBJO special-care codes: special-care code a, special-care code c, special-care code f, special-care code i, special-care code j, special-care code k, special-care code m. General gem care gives the full wording of every code.
Where members are recorded
Some member entries record the localities where their materials are found; Recorded localities shows them on a sketch map and lists them by continent.
Names
- 简体中文
- 其他动物源材料
- 繁體中文
- 其他動物源材料
- English
- Other animal-derived materials
- 日本語
- その他の動物由来材料
Authority source
- Authority source
- Review status
- Reviewed against CIBJO, GB/T and IMA boundaries.
Shared classification
All 8 members share these values:
- Origin class
- Natural materials
- Material domain
- Natural organic and biogenic materials
- Identity level
- Organic or biogenic material
- Mineral chemical class
- Not applicable
- Construction or treatment status
- Natural identity; treatment status unknown