On this page
UnderstandWhat it is, what people ask, how far this page goes
Artificial products / Manufactured products · Artificial product type · Synthetic product
Synthetic Chrysoberyl
Synthetically made chrysoberyl; GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A Table A.4 lists it as "synthetic chrysoberyl", and its synthetic nature must be disclosed up front. This page compares how the major standards and institutions name it, what must be disclosed when selling it, whether it can be worn every day, how it is treated and identified, and which source each conclusion comes from.
Price, rarity and origin are outside the scope of this wiki.
What this page can answer
This page covers
- How Synthetic Chrysoberyl forms and what gives its colourFormation setting, process and timescale; where its colour and optical effects come from, each finding graded and sourced
- How to identify Synthetic ChrysoberylIdentification points from the research literature
- Hardness, density and refractive index of Synthetic ChrysoberylEach value with its source and check date
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl in English, Chinese and Japanese; national standard namesNames in four languages, the GB/T standard name and the suggested listing name, names in national standards; and: Has any of GIA, FTC, CIBJO or Gem-A put a name for it on record here?
- Listing and disclosing Synthetic ChrysoberylThe listing name to use; what must be disclosed before sale
- Standard clauses that define Synthetic ChrysoberylWhich clause defines it, each cross-checked
What we cannot conclude
- Whether one particular bead is natural, treated or synthetic — only a laboratory report can settle that.
- Geographic origin, unless an origin report accompanies the item.
- Price, rarity or investment value: this wiki covers naming and disclosure only.
Material research: formation, causes and history
What authoritative sources say about how this material forms, what causes its colour and optical effects, where its name comes from and how people have used it. Each statement carries an evidence grade and its sources; it describes the material in general, not any specific piece.
How it forms
Synthetic chrysoberyl is chrysoberyl, BeAl2O4, crystallised by human effort in a laboratory rather than formed as a natural geological ore. CIBJO's definition of a synthetic stone — an artificial product whose chemical composition, physical properties and structure match the natural counterpart's essentially — applies. For the chatoyant or star varieties, crystals doped with Ti3+ may be grown under neutral or reducing conditions and then annealed in oxygen, which precipitates TiO2 needle inclusions; other laboratory routes, the floating-zone technique among them, are also used. None of these requires the Be-bearing-pegmatite or metamorphic ore-forming processes that natural chrysoberyl needs.
Scope: Applies to explaining the artificially grown nature of synthetic chrysoberyl and its naming boundaries; not used to describe the genesis of natural chrysoberyl deposits.
Sources G&G Summer 2025 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Where it forms
Controlled laboratory environment: artificial crystal growth under controlled temperature and atmosphere (neutral/reducing, then oxygen annealing), not a natural geological setting.
Sources G&G Summer 2025 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Growth medium and doping: a melt/solution growth system deliberately doped with Ti3+ and related elements so that TiO2 needles exsolve on annealing.
Sources G&G Summer 2025 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
How it forms, step by step
Prepare Be- and Al-bearing feedstock and dope it with Ti3+ and related elements as required.
Grow the Ti-doped crystals in a neutral or reducing atmosphere (artificial crystal growth).
Anneal in an oxygen atmosphere so TiO2 exsolves as oriented needle inclusions (producing chatoyancy/asterism).
Other laboratory routes such as the floating-zone technique may also be used; there is no natural ore formation and the product must be disclosed as 'synthetic chrysoberyl'.
Link to appearance
Because synthetic chrysoberyl shares the composition and structure of natural chrysoberyl, colour and optical properties are essentially the same; its artificially grown oriented TiO2 needles produce chatoyancy or asterism, but lie only parallel to the (001)Cbrl plane, a feature that helps distinguish it from natural material.
Sources G&G Summer 2025 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Timescale
The selected authorities give no duration for growth or annealing of synthetic chrysoberyl.
Sources G&G Summer 2025 · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Related base materials
- Chrysoberyl (BeAl2O4): synthetic-counterpart | Laboratory-grown chrysoberyl, with the same composition and structure as natural chrysoberyl
Supporting findings
To make synthetic cat's-eye and star chrysoberyl, crystals are grown with Ti3+ doping under neutral or reducing conditions, after which an oxygen-atmosphere anneal causes TiO2 to precipitate.
Evidence grade AScope: This route concerns chatoyant/star synthetic chrysoberyl, not all synthetic chrysoberyl.
Causes of colour and optical effects
In synthetic chrysoberyl, needles aligned with the (001)Cbrl plane are the only ones yet observed, whereas natural chrysoberyl shows them in several orientations.
Evidence grade AScope: A diagnostic inclusion-orientation observation, not a formation-condition conclusion.
How it is identified
Synthetic chrysoberyl can closely resemble the natural stone, and the unaided eye cannot tell them apart from colour alone. Trade rules require synthetic material to be labelled as such, but those rules concern naming, not identification; telling natural from synthetic, or spotting composite and imitation material, depends on laboratory chemical and spectroscopic analysis. The finding should come from a qualified gem laboratory; appearance cannot replace identification.
Evidence grade BScope: A conservative call: the listed sources give no material-specific tests, only the point that appearance is unreliable and laboratory testing is needed.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Other research findings
Chrysoberyl (including synthetic chrysoberyl) is the beryllium aluminate mineral BeAl2O4, crystallising in an olivine-type structure.
Evidence grade AScope: Ideal composition/structure; excludes trace chromophores.
CIBJO's definition: a synthetic stone is an artificial product whose chemical composition, physical properties and structure match the natural counterpart's essentially.
Evidence grade AScope: A classificatory/naming definition; not a specific growth process.
Sources CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022
Limits of this research
- Research status: Formation, occurrence or other material-specific findings found in authoritative sources
- The sources describe growth routes for synthetic chrysoberyl (especially cat's-eye/star types) but do not cover all synthetic chrysoberyl or producers.
- No temperature, duration or equipment parameters for growth and annealing are given.
Methodology
- Origin determination and its limits
- Quality grading and value factors
- How gemmology became a technical discipline
Evidence grades
- A
- Standards bodies, government geological surveys, peer-reviewed research and museum records
- B
- Institutional educational material
- C
- Specialist databases or cautious readings
A statement is never graded above its strongest source.
This section is LumaLark's own factual restatement of public authoritative sources, credited item by item; it contains no verbatim excerpts, images or third-party logos.
DecideListing name, disclosure, care and treatments
- Suggested listing name
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl
GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.4 “Synthetic Chrysoberyl” · CIBJO Gemstone Book 2022 4.3.3.1
This page cannot answer
Natural? · Origin · Price
A lab report settles these; this wiki covers naming and disclosure.
Related:What this page can answer
Answer at a glance
"Synthetic Chrysoberyl" is a market name rather than a mineral species name; before using it, verify: Not a mineral: man-made or non-mineral material.
Evidence
- GB/T · Table A.4, row 合成金绿宝石 (Synthetic Chrysoberyl)
What this means for you
Before buying, check the recommended listing name "Synthetic Chrysoberyl" and any disclosed treatments on this page, and ask the seller for a grading report if in doubt.
Known uncertainty
- This entry's exact material identity is not fully settled.
- See “Disclosure and cautions” above
- Last reviewed
- 2026-09-01
Trade-name ruling
- Not a mineral: man-made or non-mineral material.
- Suggested listing name
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl
Care and wear
No care facts are recorded for this entry itself. Its parent material has care records: see Chrysoberyl.
VerifyNames, standards, technical facts, clauses and sources
Names
Standard and listing namesThe formal name for Synthetic Chrysoberyl in GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.4 is synthetic chrysoberyl, and the suggested listing name is Synthetic Chrysoberyl. Names in four languagesFour-language names are given in Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, English (Synthetic Chrysoberyl) and Japanese; the Japanese name is the entry's own, and the wording of Japan's GSJ for it is not yet verified by this site. National standard namesGermany (RAL) writes Synthetischer Chrysoberyll and the EU writes Synthetic Chrysoberyl. Institution usageOn authority wording, the FTC and CIBJO texts on file have no wording for this name (checked), and GIA and Gem-A are unchecked; bodies without a recorded wording show the entry's own English name, Synthetic Chrysoberyl, which does not represent their position. Trade and mineralogical namesThe mineralogical name is Synthetic chrysoberyl.
- GSJ (Japan) formal name
- 合成クリソベリル (not yet checked for this body — the entry's own Japanese name is shown)
- Chinese formal name
- 合成金绿宝石 (GB/T 16552—2017 Table A.4)
- Mineralogical name
- Synthetic chrysoberyl
Four-language names
- 简体中文
- 合成金绿宝石
- 繁體中文
- 合成金綠寶石
- English
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl
- 日本語
- 合成クリソベリル
National and regional formal names
- Germany (RAL)
- Synthetischer Chrysoberyll
- European Union
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl
See also: Misleading and prohibited trade names · Supplementary name index
Classification
- Origin
- Artificial products / Manufactured products
- Material domain
- Artificial products / Manufactured products
- Browsing family
- Synthetic gem products
- Identity tier
- Artificial product type
- Mineral chemical class
- Mixed / composition-dependent
- Construction or treatment status
- Synthetic product
What it is and how it's identified
The registered material facts for Synthetic Chrysoberyl: chemical composition BeAl2O4, possibly with elements such as Cr and Fe; structure crystalline, orthorhombic, with a tabular crystal habit. Mohs hardness 8–9; this site's general notes say that hardness alone is not enough to judge durability. Cleavage none. Density 3.71–3.75 g/cm³, the range derived from the cited clause value of 3.73 and its stated tolerance of ±0.02. Optic character anisotropic, biaxial, positive; refractive index 1.74–1.759, the range derived from the cited clause value of 1.746–1.755 and its stated tolerances of +0.004 and −0.006; birefringence 0.008–0.01. Untreated, pleochroism is, for yellow and yellowish-green material, yellow, green and brownish red; luminescence is none under long-wave UV, and under short-wave UV none to yellowish green for yellow and greenish-yellow material.
Registered material facts
Each row carries its own source and check date and can be cited on its own; “—” means the cited source gives no value, not “none”.
Definition
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — composition (chemistry): BeAl2O4;elements such as Cr and Fe may be contained.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Structure
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — structure (overall): crystalline
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — structure (crystal system): orthorhombic
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — structure (crystal habit): plates
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Durability
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — Mohs hardness: 8–9
GB/T 16553—2017
Reference points on this site: Talc 1–3, Fluorite 4, Apatite 5–5.5, Orthoclase 6–6.5, Topaz 8, Diamond 10 (Source: GB/T 16553—2017); Gypsum 1.5–2, Calcite 3, Quartz 7 (Source: Handbook of Mineralogy); Corundum 9 (Source: GIA Gem Encyclopedia (care guide))
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- General note
- hardness only, not durability
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — cleavage: none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Physical properties
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — density: 3.71–3.75 g/cm³
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
The clause we cite gives 3.73, with a stated tolerance of ±0.02. The range shown here is worked out from that.
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Optical
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — optic character: biaxial, optically positive (anisotropic)
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — refractive index: 1.74–1.759
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
The clause we cite gives 1.746–1.755, with a stated tolerance of +0.004 / -0.006. The range shown here is worked out from that.
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — birefringence: 0.008–0.01
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — pleochroism: in yellow and yellow-green material: yellow, green and brownish red.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — fluorescence (long-wave UV): none
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — fluorescence (short-wave UV): yellow, green-yellow: from none to yellow-green.
GB/T 16553—2017
UV fluorescence (short-wave UV)from none to: yellow-greenyellow, green-yellowDots are illustrative colours built from the colour names, not measured values
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — spectrum (UV-visible): yellow, yellow-green: 445 nm absorption band.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — spectrum (infrared): Chrysoberyl's Be-O and Al-O vibrations produce the diagnostic mid-IR bands; in synthetic chrysoberyl the functional-group-region bands differ from those of the natural stone.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-22
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-22)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-22
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — magnification: flux inclusions, platinum platelets of triangular or hexagonal outline.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — body colour: yellow or yellow-green, grey-green, yellowish brown to brown, and similar colours, in pale to medium tones.
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
- Qualification
The colours GB/T 16553—2017 lists for Chrysoberyl overlap with this entry: yellow, yellow-green, grey-green and brown to yellowish brown.
- General note
- colour alone is not identity
Source & check 2026-09-26
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-26)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-26
Quality factors
Synthetic Chrysoberyl — quality factor (lustre): vitreous
GB/T 16553—2017
- Treatment state
- untreated
- Does this standard apply
- applies to this entry
Source & check 2026-09-21
- Source
- GB/T 16553—2017 Gems — Testing (GB/T): §5.4.6 (locator checked 2026-09-21)
- Fact checked on
- 2026-09-21
Each row's “Source & check” expands to the full source; the date beside it is the fact check date.
This material (RI / SG midpoints): 1.749 / 3.73; Closest values: 1Cobalt Spinel 1.723 / 3.63, 2Grossular 1.745 / 3.9, 3Malachite 1.782 / 3.67, 4Rhodolite 1.755 / 3.9, 5Benitoite 1.78 / 3.65
Show the full chart (330 registered materials)
Outside the full chart's range, drawn as triangles at the edge (RI / SG midpoints): Hematite 3.045/5.12, Synthetic Rutile 2.76/4.26, Rutile 2.753/4.23, Synthetic Moissanite 2.67/3.22
Clause-level definitions
The term registered for Synthetic Chrysoberyl in the clause-level definitions is Synthetic Chrysoberyl, based on GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A, with the definition Synthetic chrysoberyl; the cross-check result is that it is listed directly in GB/T, and no identically titled standalone entry was found in CIBJO.
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Term | Clause | Definition | Cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Synthetic Chrysoberyl | GB/T 16552-2017 Annex A | Synthetic chrysoberyl | Listed directly by GB/T; CIBJO carries no standalone entry under the same name. |
Evidence and sources
Authority basis and clause sources
Sources
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. Gemmological Laboratories Book (Blue Book), Gemmological Commission 2024-1.
- CIBJO – The World Jewellery Confederation. The Gemstone Book (Blue Book), 2022.
- SAMR / SAC (China). GB/T 16552—2017 Gems — Nomenclature.
- Federal Trade Commission (United States). In the Loupe: Advertising Diamond, Gemstones and Pearls.
Further reading
Related entries and topic cluster
Parent entry and related pages on this site. Rows marked “Planned” are suggested new content and have no link yet.
Related-entry tree for Chrysoberyl on this site: 2 entries listed by this site's parent-entry links; synthetic, treated and similar entries carry their recorded state after the name; this page (Synthetic Chrysoberyl) is marked.
- Chrysoberyl
Sub-entries (1)
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl (Synthetic product)
This table scrolls sideways on narrow screens.
| Page | Content | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Browsing family | Synthetic gem products | Live |
| Related articles | To be added (placeholder) | Planned |
Who maintains this page
The material facts in the Synthetic Chrysoberyl entry are maintained by the LumaLark wiki and matched one by one to the standard clauses or institutional sources they cite: every fact carries its source (with a clause or page locator) and a check date, so it can be traced back to the original; clause-level definitions also carry a cross-check result. The entry exists so that buyers and sellers can check naming, disclosure and material facts item by item.